Platform economy database
Database of initiatives and court cases in the EU
Eurofound’s platform economy database provides information on 347 initiatives and court cases that exist or have been implemented in relation to activities in the platform economy. The database was last updated in August 2023 and provides metadata for each entry, such as geographical scope, year, type of initiative, actors involved, sector and companies concerned. Initiatives include legal instruments such as legislative changes or court decisions, as well as voluntary interventions undertaken by different stakeholders to address issues around platform work.
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The database currently contains 347 entries and was last updated in August 2023.
This section lists legal changes and court decisions on employment contracts of platform workers.
50 records found
| Countries | Date | Title | Tags |
|---|---|---|---|
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5 July 2023 | Turin Court Rules Glovo Riders are Employees
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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1 July 2023 | Amendment to Finnish Employment Contracts Act, new criteria for distinction between self-employment and dependent employment
Initiative | No platform work typology |
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26 June 2023 | The Social Court in Barcelona, Spain, rules Clintu Online and the workers are in an employment relationship
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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31 May 2023 | Karshan v Revenue Commissioners
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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3 May 2023 | Danish tax authority rules Wolt must administer taxes for couriers
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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3 April 2023 | Portugal enters new legal framework for Decent Work Agenda into Labour Code
Initiative | No platform work typology |
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24 March 2023 | Supreme Court of Netherlands finds Deliveroo couriers are employees
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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15 February 2023 | Deliveroo France estimated to have concealed 60000 job between 2018-2021
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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15 February 2023 | Milan: Court rules Glovo must employ a rider
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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15 February 2023 | Amendments to the Labour Relations Act to Recognise the Platform Economy
Initiative | No platform work typology |
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14 February 2023 | Milan Court of Appeal judges Deliveroo delivery rider must have employment status.
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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24 January 2023 | Labour and Social Security Inspectorate (ITSS) fines Glovo €57 million for false categorisation of self-employed and engaging workers without work permits
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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1 November 2022 | Legal Notice 268 of 2022, ‘Digital Platform Delivery Wages Council Wage Regulation Order 2022’
Initiative | No platform work typology |
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29 September 2022 | Croatian Labour Act amended and Act on Elimination of Unregistered Work introduced
Initiative | No platform work typology |
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19 April 2022 | Tribunal Judiciaire de Paris fines Deliveroo €375,000 for undocumented concealed employment
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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11 February 2022 | Legal amendment to the Law on Labour Market Services and Benefits and Law on Unemployment Insurance in Estonia
Initiative | No platform work typology |
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24 January 2022 | Court judgement on employment status (Deliveroo)
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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24 January 2022 | Court judgements on employment status (Uber)
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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6 January 2022 | Gangmastering case in Uber Eats and agreement against gangmastering
Initiative | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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6 January 2022 | Court judgement on employment status (Foodinho, Glovo, UberEats, JustEat and Deliveroo)
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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6 January 2022 | Court judgement on employment status (Glovo)
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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6 January 2022 | Platform (Wolt) sued by Service Union United (PAM)
Initiative | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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6 January 2022 | Rulings on employment statuses by the Finnish Workers’ Compensation Centre (TVK)
Initiative | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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8 December 2021 | Brussels Labour Tribunal qualifies Deliveroo riders as self-employed
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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23 November 2021 | Court judgement on employment status (Uber)
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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23 November 2021 | Court judgement on employment status (Deliveroo)
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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23 November 2021 | Court judgement on employment status (Roamler)
Court ruling | Online moderately skilled click work |
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23 November 2021 | Court judgement on employment status (Uber)
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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27 October 2021 | Legal dispute over work relationship
Court ruling | On-location client-determined moderately skilled work |
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16 September 2021 | Greek Law no. 4808/2021
Initiative | No platform work typology |
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2 August 2021 | National Court recognises collective dismissal of 4,000 delivery workers by Portier Eats Spain as unlawful
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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12 May 2021 | Riders’ law
Initiative | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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22 January 2021 | Just Eat hires 4500 workers in France
Initiative | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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22 January 2021 | Portuguese regulation in the transport sector
Initiative | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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22 January 2021 | Court judgement on employment status (Deliveroo)
Court ruling | No platform work typology |
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18 November 2020 | Judgement No. 259/2020 (SENTENCIA Nº 259/2020)
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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7 July 2020 | 187 - Décision anonymiséee
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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22 April 2020 | ECJ Case C-692/19
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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4 December 2019 | Crowdworkers are not automatically employees
Court ruling | No platform work typology |
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11 June 2019 | GCJ case - SJSO 2253/2019
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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10 June 2019 | GCJ case - SJSO 2892/2019
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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15 January 2019 | Court ruling: Federation of Dutch Trade Unions (FNV) against Deliveroo on employment status
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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28 November 2018 | Court of Cassation, civil, Social Chamber, November 28, 2018, 17-20.079 (Cour de cassation, civile, Chambre sociale, 28 novembre 2018, 17-20.079)
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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23 July 2018 | Deliverers not employed by meal delivery platform
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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10 April 2018 | Civil action: Razak, Sabani and Cherdoud vs. Uber Technologies Inc., and Gegan, LLC, N. 16-573
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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6 April 2018 | Ruling 7/5/2018 n. 778
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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14 November 2017 | Independent Workers' Union of Great Britain (IWGB) v. RooFoods Ltd. T/A Deliveroo - TUR1/985(2016)
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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2 countries |
10 November 2017 | Judgment in Uber v. Aslam, Farrar, Dawson and others UKEAT/0056/17/DA
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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9 November 2017 | Arret 9 Novembre 2017 N. 16/12875
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
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1 January 2016 | Uber's worst nightmare.
Court ruling | On-location platform-determined routine work |
The platform economy is one of those moving targets, which, despite receiving increasing media and policy attention, has proven difficult to regulate. Given the heterogeneity of employment relationships, business models, types of platform work and cross-border issues, this is not surprising.
Technological change is accelerating as the capacity of electronic devices to digitally store, process and communicate information expands. Digitalisation is transforming the EU economy and labour markets: nearly one-third of EU workplaces are categorised as highly digitalised. What are the implications of the digital revolution for employment and work?
The rapid rise of the platform economy has led to a marked transformation of European labour markets, and existing regulatory frameworks and voluntary initiatives have yet to catch up. While platform work offers opportunities for workers and employers and potentially contributes to innovation, economic growth and competitiveness in the EU, it has been criticised from the beginning because of the poor employment and working conditions often experienced by workers.
While 2020 may come to be seen as the year platform work gathered pace and started to go mainstream – thanks in large part to COVID-19 containment measures sparking an increase in food and grocery delivery – 2021 could be the year that regulation of platform work is set in motion.
