Platform work database
Database of initiatives and court cases in the EU
Eurofound’s Platform Work Database provides information on 457 initiatives and court cases that exist or have been implemented in relation to activities in the platform economy. The database was last updated in June 2026 and provides metadata for each entry, such as geographical scope, year, type of initiative, actors involved, sector and companies concerned. Initiatives include legal instruments such as legislative changes or court decisions, as well as voluntary interventions undertaken by different stakeholders to address issues around platform work.
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The database currently contains 457 entries and was last updated in June 2026.
The International Labour Organisation formally adopted Convention No. 193 (Decent Work in the Platform Economy Convention, 2026) at its 114th Session in Geneva. It the first international labour standard dedicated specifically to the platform economy; it establishes a baseline of rights and protections for digital platform workers while supportin…
Between 2022 and 2025, the European Commission launched and concluded a major antitrust investigation into food delivery firms Delivery Hero and Glovo. The inquiry focused on suspected cartel behaviour across the European Economic Area (EEA), including market division, information sharing, and labour-related collusion. On 2 June 2025, the Commissi…
On November 11th 2024, the new EU directive 2024/2831 on improving working conditions in platform work was published in the Official Journal of the EU. It ented into force on 1 December 2024 and must be implemented into national law by 2 December 2026 at the latest.
The key objectives of the directive are: 1) Clarification of platform workers' emp…
In June 2019, the European Parliament and the Council adopted the Directive 2019/1152 on Transparent and Predictable Working Conditions, a direct follow-up to the roll-out of the European Pillar of Social Rights. The directive will focus on addressing the insufficient protection for workers in precarious work, limiting burdens on employers, and p…
27 records found
| Date | Title | Tags |
|---|---|---|
| 10 September 2025 | Upwork rolls out AI agent and updates its global TOS
Initiative | Online negotiated |
|
| 1 December 2022 | Automatic Exchange of Information on Traders on Online Platforms
Initiative | No platform work typology |
|
| 6 January 2022 | Fairbnb (Cooperative)
Cooperative | On-location negotiated |
|
| 12 October 2021 | Transnational Federation of Couriers
Initiative | On-location determined |
|
| 22 March 2021 | EU taxation rules to strengthen administrative cooperation and include sales through digital platforms
Legislation | No platform work typology |
|
| 11 March 2021 | Industry Sharing Safety Programme of Uber and Lyft
Initiative | On-location determined |
|
| 1 February 2021 | The EU Observatory on the Online Platform Economy
Initiative | No platform work typology |
|
| 22 January 2021 | YouTubers Union
Initiative | No platform work typology |
|
| 22 January 2021 | Uber Community Guidelines
Initiative | On-location determined |
|
| 22 January 2021 | AXA insurance and Uber
Initiative | On-location determined |
|
| 22 January 2021 | Transnational Federation of Couriers
Initiative | On-location determined |
|
| 22 January 2021 | FairTube
Initiative | |
|
| 22 January 2021 | European Council – regulation on promoting fairness and transparency for business users of online platforms
Legislation | No platform work typology |
|
| 22 January 2021 | Regulation on European Crowdfunding Service Providers for Business
Legislation | No platform work typology |
|
| 22 January 2021 | Fairwork Foundation
Initiative | No platform work typology |
|
| 21 January 2021 | WageIndicator Foundation on Platform Economy
Initiative | No platform work typology |
|
| 21 January 2021 | The Internet of Ownership – Directory
Initiative | No platform work typology |
|
| 21 January 2021 | Sharing Cities Alliance
Initiative | No platform work typology |
|
| 21 January 2021 | Declaration of Sharing Cities
Initiative | No platform work typology |
|
| 21 January 2021 | European Agenda for the collaborative economy
Initiative | No platform work typology |
|
| 21 January 2021 | digitalplatformobservatory.org
Initiative | No platform work typology |
|
| 3 December 2020 | EU court ruling delivers win for ride-hailing apps
Court ruling | On-location determined |
|
| 22 September 2020 | ECJ Ruling: Directive 2006/123/EC Supports Prior Authorisation for Short-Term Lets
Court ruling | On-location determined |
|
| 22 April 2020 | ECJ Case C-692/19- Interpretation of worker status
Court ruling | |
|
| 19 December 2019 | ECJ Case C-390/18 - Airbnb
Court ruling | |
|
| 20 December 2017 | CJEU: Uber operates in the field of transport
Court ruling | On-location determined |
|
| 20 December 2017 | European Court of Justice ruled Uber provides taxi services
Court ruling | On-location determined |
This digital story presents headline findings on the working conditions and information needs of online platform workers across key areas: Who platform workers are; Where they operate geographically; Their working conditions and earnings; How algorithmic management impacts their work; Information needs about rights and protecting workers in the digital economy.
This report analyses the working conditions and information needs of online platform workers based on a survey of 3 830 workers across 15 EU Member States. Unlike existing research focused on on-location platform work, this study examines workers who provide services entirely online. The findings reveal a workforce that is predominantly male, of prime working age and highly educated, primarily delivering skilled professional services rather than microtasks.
Building on Eurofound’s established conceptual framework of the digital age, this concept paper examines how the unfolding artificial intelligence wave is set to transform not only the world of work and employment, but also the wider fabric of society, from the delivery and quality of public services to the production, dissemination and governance of information. The analysis is guided by four vectors of change – automation, augmentation, digitisation and platformisation – identified as the central drivers shaping this transformation. The concepts presented in this paper will inform Eurofound’s future research on artificial intelligence and algorithmic management.
Findings of a new Eurofound–ELA survey conducted in 15 Member States confirm the widespread use of intrusive algorithmic management practices in online platform work.
This working paper aims to provide an overview of the legal landscape of online platform work in the EU, focusing on a set of key issues relating to the rights and protections of online platform workers. Specifically, regulations concerning working conditions and social protection, the complexities of cross-border platform work, and regulations on algorithmic management, data privacy, and protection.
This article explores how algorithmic management operates, distinguishing between rule-based and AI-driven approaches, and examines how it automates key managerial functions such as planning, organising, staffing, directing and controlling. It also considers the implications for workers’ employment status, drawing on recent court rulings, and assesses its impact on working conditions, highlighting both potential benefits such as efficiency gains and risks including reduced autonomy, unfair treatment and privacy infringements.
