Platform economy database
Database of initiatives and court cases in the EU
Eurofound’s platform economy database provides information on 443 initiatives and court cases that exist or have been implemented in relation to activities in the platform economy. The database was last updated in November 2025 and provides metadata for each entry, such as geographical scope, year, type of initiative, actors involved, sector and companies concerned. Initiatives include legal instruments such as legislative changes or court decisions, as well as voluntary interventions undertaken by different stakeholders to address issues around platform work.
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The database currently contains 443 entries and was last updated in November 2025.
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Luxembourg
The courier of a major food delivery platform in Luxembourg remains self-employed, following the Luxembourg's first court ruling on the employment status of platform workers.
After examining the circumstances of the parties' working relationship, the Luxembourg Labour Court rejected the request of a former courier to be reclassified as an employee, citing the absence of "legal subordination", a central criterion for determining employment status under Luxembourg law. The court's decision was influenced by several factors, including:
The courier's autonomy to manage their own schedule and choose their working hours;
The freedom to accept or decline assignments proposed by the platform, allowing them to control their workload;
The ability to work for other platforms or clients without needing prior approval from the original platform;
The fact that the courier used their own equipment (e.g., bike or phone) and bore their own expenses.
As the court ruled against reclassification, the couriers other demands, which included payment of back pay, paid leave or severance pay, were also rejected.
The platform economy is one of those moving targets, which, despite receiving increasing media and policy attention, has proven difficult to regulate. Given the heterogeneity of employment relationships, business models, types of platform work and cross-border issues, this is not surprising.
Technological change is accelerating as the capacity of electronic devices to digitally store, process and communicate information expands. Digitalisation is transforming the EU economy and labour markets: nearly one-third of EU workplaces are categorised as highly digitalised. What are the implications of the digital revolution for employment and work?
The rapid rise of the platform economy has led to a marked transformation of European labour markets, and existing regulatory frameworks and voluntary initiatives have yet to catch up. While platform work offers opportunities for workers and employers and potentially contributes to innovation, economic growth and competitiveness in the EU, it has been criticised from the beginning because of the poor employment and working conditions often experienced by workers.
While 2020 may come to be seen as the year platform work gathered pace and started to go mainstream – thanks in large part to COVID-19 containment measures sparking an increase in food and grocery delivery – 2021 could be the year that regulation of platform work is set in motion.
