Platform work database
Database of initiatives and court cases in the EU
Eurofound’s Platform Work Database provides information on 472 initiatives and court cases that exist or have been implemented in relation to activities in the platform economy. The database was last updated in October 2026 and provides metadata for each entry, such as geographical scope, year, type of initiative, actors involved, sector and companies concerned. Initiatives include legal instruments such as legislative changes or court decisions, as well as voluntary interventions undertaken by different stakeholders to address issues around platform work.
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The database currently contains 472 entries and was last updated in October 2026.
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Lithuania
On 13 October 2026, the Lithuanian Parliament (Seimas) formally approved at first reading the draft amendment package No. XVP-1914 to the Labour Code (Darbo kodeksas), along with related bills No. XVP-1915 and No. XVP-1916.
Key Provisions:
Transposes Directive (EU) 2024/2831 by introducing a new Chapter VII¹ to the Labour Code (Darbo kodeksas), amending Articles 27, 32, and 165 to establish a rebuttable legal presumption of employment status for platform workers and mandate algorithmic management rules.
Expands algorithmic management transparency and human oversight requirements to all employers.
Authorises the State Labour Inspectorate (Valsts darba inspekcija / VDI) to establish subordinate technical procedures and reporting frameworks for platforms before 2 December 2026.
Rather than imposing a rigid numerical quota of criteria, the new Chapter VII¹ establishes that the legal presumption triggers when a platform worker demonstrates factual circumstances indicating that the digital platform exercises direction, control, or supervision over the performance of work.
Factual subordination indicators considered include:
Determining or setting upper limits on remuneration levels.
Directing task assignment or allocation through automated systems.
Supervising performance, quality, or timing of work (including via automated monitoring/rating tools).
Restricting the worker's autonomy over working hours or freedom to refuse assignments.
Imposing binding rules regarding personal appearance, conduct, or client interaction.
Once a worker or an inspecting authority (such as the State Labour Inspectorate—Valstybinė darbo inspekcija / VDI) provides facts pointing to subordination or operational control, the legal burden of proof shifts entirely onto the digital labour platform.
The presumption applies across all labor dispute bodies (Darbo ginčų komisija), civil courts, and administrative enforcement proceedings conducted by the State Labour Inspectorate.
Direct Applicability to Intermediaries: The statutory presumption covers work performed for digital platforms whether the contractual arrangement is entered into directly with the platform or through third-party intermediaries/fleet agencies (tarpininkai).
In accordance with Article 7 of the Lithuanian Labour Code, the legal presumption of employment applies prospectively to contractual relationships and work performed after the law's formal entry into force (targeted for 2 December 2026). It cannot be applied retroactively to classify previous working periods.
To successfully rebut the presumption, the platform must demonstrate in court or administrative proceedings that the worker operates as a genuinely autonomous independent contractor (savarankiškai dirbantis asmuo) who possesses complete control over their business operations, pricing, client base, and performance conditions.
This digital story presents headline findings on the working conditions and information needs of online platform workers across key areas: Who platform workers are; Where they operate geographically; Their working conditions and earnings; How algorithmic management impacts their work; Information needs about rights and protecting workers in the digital economy.
This report analyses the working conditions and information needs of online platform workers based on a survey of 3 830 workers across 15 EU Member States. Unlike existing research focused on on-location platform work, this study examines workers who provide services entirely online. The findings reveal a workforce that is predominantly male, of prime working age and highly educated, primarily delivering skilled professional services rather than microtasks.
Building on Eurofound’s established conceptual framework of the digital age, this concept paper examines how the unfolding artificial intelligence wave is set to transform not only the world of work and employment, but also the wider fabric of society, from the delivery and quality of public services to the production, dissemination and governance of information. The analysis is guided by four vectors of change – automation, augmentation, digitisation and platformisation – identified as the central drivers shaping this transformation. The concepts presented in this paper will inform Eurofound’s future research on artificial intelligence and algorithmic management.
Findings of a new Eurofound–ELA survey conducted in 15 Member States confirm the widespread use of intrusive algorithmic management practices in online platform work.
This working paper aims to provide an overview of the legal landscape of online platform work in the EU, focusing on a set of key issues relating to the rights and protections of online platform workers. Specifically, regulations concerning working conditions and social protection, the complexities of cross-border platform work, and regulations on algorithmic management, data privacy, and protection.
This article explores how algorithmic management operates, distinguishing between rule-based and AI-driven approaches, and examines how it automates key managerial functions such as planning, organising, staffing, directing and controlling. It also considers the implications for workers’ employment status, drawing on recent court rulings, and assesses its impact on working conditions, highlighting both potential benefits such as efficiency gains and risks including reduced autonomy, unfair treatment and privacy infringements.
