European Restructuring Monitor (ERM)
Eurofound's ERM database on restructuring-related legal regulations provides information on regulations in the Member States of the European Union and Norway which are explicitly or implicitly linked to anticipating and managing change.
The whole resolution
The resolution on ‘non-deferred tasks arising from climate change’ approves the governmental climate and nature protection plan and related energy policy strategies. The purpose of the plan and strategies is to adapt to climate change, improve energy efficiency and decrease the carbon emission in electricity production. Strategic measures to achieve the goals include to encourage the deployment of solar capacity, enhance low carbon electricity production, increase the number of electric buses and promote the uptake of electric vehicles. A fund of €92 million is to be granted to support small and medium enterprises to switch to energy production from using renewable sources.
In October 2022, government decree 397/2022 on the promotion of clean and energy-efficient road transport vehicles was adopted as a legal equivalent of Directive (EU) 2019/1161, amending Directive 2009/33/EC. The decree lays down rules for the purchase, leasing or renting of clean vehicles through public procurement in the period of July 2021 to the end of 2025 (first phase).
Notes on government support for electric motoring
In connection with electric cars, there is no registration tax, performance tax or company car tax. In addition, no fees are payable when the electric car is sold or when ownership is transferred. Electric cars have green number plates: these cars can park free of charge in more and more cities and also drive into areas closed to traffic. The government allocated funding to support the purchase of clean electric vehicles in 2020 and 2021. Within the framework of the announced tender, HUF 2 billion was allocated for 2020 and HUF 3 billion for 2021 for the purchase of electric passenger cars and vans. The amount of the grant was an equivalent of 21% of the gross selling price at the time.
Further subsidies related not only to vehicles, but also to infrastructure
The owner of an electric car may apply for the 'A2-night-time electricity' tariff in its contract with the energy supplier. Municipalities have been able to apply for funding for power station installations since 15 September 2020.
Eurofound (2021), Hungary: Company incentives to deploy electric vehicles, Restructuring legislation database, Dublin, https://apps.eurofound.europa.eu/legislationdb/company-incentives-to-deploy-electric-vehicles/hungary
Between the end of 2022 and the first half of 2023, almost 300,000 employees working for ‘big tech’ companies were laid off across the world, making headlines for months in global media. This development has been a shock, considering the high numbers of jobs in well-known tech corporations with a reputation for offering good working conditions and well-paid positions.
The retail banking sector is fertile ground for studying the impacts of digitalisation on work and employment. Financial services are increasingly provided online, without the intermediary of customer-facing institutions. Many banks in the sector have been undergoing serial restructuring since the global financial crisis, and it is one of the few service sectors with stagnant or declining employment.
Since 2011, the Restructuring support instruments database of the EU PolicyWatch has been collecting information on measures that assist companies and workers to anticipate and manage restructuring. This article looks at measures in the database aimed at supporting employees and employers during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2022).
Eurofound’s European Restructuring Monitor database reveals the impact of the energy crisis on employment in the EU. Following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, energy prices have hit record highs. The European Commission imposed sanctions and limitations on the import of oil and gas from Russia, which has reacted by reneging on supply commitments to many Member States.
