European Restructuring Monitor (ERM)
Eurofound's ERM database on restructuring-related legal regulations provides information on regulations in the Member States of the European Union and Norway which are explicitly or implicitly linked to anticipating and managing change.
-Law 4961/27.07.2022, Part A: 'Digital Upgrading of Public Administration', Chapter B: 'Regulations for the Development of Artificial Intelligence', Article 5: 'Algorithmic Impact Assessment'; Article 9: 'Obligation to inform on the use of artificial intelligence in the labour sector'
The new national law 4961/2022 aims to create an institutional background for the development and use of Artificial Intelligence in the public and private sector, establishing regulations for the formation of appropriate guarantees in terms of: safeguarding the rights of natural and legal persons; strengthening the accountability and transparency in the use of artificial intelligence systems; and complementing the existing institutional framework for cybersecurity.
By virtue of art. 5, any public sector entity using artificial intelligence system (for the process of making or supporting the process of making a decision or issuing an act), before the system starts operating, should prepare an algorithmic impact assessment. During this preparation, the following information shall be taken into account, in particular:
By virtue of art. 9, any private sector enterprise, as long as it uses an artificial intelligence system, which affects any decision-making process concerning employees or prospective employees and has an impact on their working conditions, selection, recruitment, or evaluation, prior to its first application, is obliged to provide sufficient and clear information to each employee or prospective employee, including at least the parameters on which the decision is based, without prejudice to the cases that require prior information and consultation, and ensure compliance with the principle of equal treatment and anti-discrimination in employment and work on grounds of sex, race, colour, national or ethnic origin, descent, religious or other beliefs, disability or chronic illness, age, family or social status, sexual orientation, gender identity or characteristics.
The new national law foresees a number of regulations for the safe use of IT, while focusing on the digital upgrade of the public administration. Both public and private entities that put IT systems into operation should prove the legality of their use, otherwise they are faced with the imposition of administrative and criminal sanctions, as well as with consequences related to the submission of complaints against them before the National Transparency Authority. It is reported that, the passing and implementation of the New Regulation on Artificial Intelligence is expected to expose public bodies and companies to potential sanctions of up to €30,000,000 -or up to 6%- of the total global annual turnover. The sanctions will be imposed by the national competent authority, which – according to the joint proposal of the European Supervisor and the European Council for Personal Data (EDPS and ESPD) – is expected to be the Personal Data Protection Authority for Greece, which has already experience in imposing and measuring such fines under the General Data Protection Regulation.
Eurofound (2023), Greece: Algorithmic management, Restructuring legislation database, Dublin, https://apps.eurofound.europa.eu/legislationdb/algorithmic-management/greece
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