Ethics in the digital workplace
Digitisation and automation technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI), can affect working conditions in a variety of ways and their use in the workplace raises a host of new ethical concerns.

The Finnish paper manufacturer UPM has announced that it will cut about 462 positions worldwide in 2025.
The company plans to permanently close its paper mill in the German city of Ettringen in July 2025. At the unit, 235 jobs are expected to be cut UPM 2025-DE. Moreover, UPM plans to take additional measures at its factories in Finland, Germany, the UK, and the US. In total, all announced changes would affect 462 positions, with 107 in Finland, 314 in Germany, 34 in the UK, and 7 in the US.
The planned restructuring includes redundancies, early retirement schemes, and natural attrition. Employee representatives will be involved in negotiations to agree on a social plan aimed at reducing the social impact on the affected employees. The changes will be implemented in 2025.
The measure is driven by the need to adjust production capacity to market demand in light of overcapacity and a dynamically changing market.
UPM employs approximately 5,000 people worldwide.
In 2024, the company implemented several restructuring programme across Finland and Germany:UPM 2024a-DE;UPM 2024b-DE,UPM 2024c-DE,UPM 2024-FI
Eurofound (2025), UPM, Internal restructuring in World, factsheet number 202537, European Restructuring Monitor. Dublin, https://restructuringeventsprod.azurewebsites.net/restructuring-events/detail/202537.